An individual may prove effective as a leader in one context yet ineffective in another under__________?
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Answer: C. Contingency
Explanation
Contingency leadership theories state that an individual may be effective in one context but not another. Leadership effectiveness depends heavily on matching a leader style to the specific situational context. No single leadership style works universally across all possible organizational environments. Fred Fiedler developed the earliest prominent contingency model of leadership effectiveness in organizations. Situational variables include task structure, leader-member relations, and positional power. Contingency models revolutionized management theory by rejecting the notion of universal leadership traits.
Modern managers must assess situational dynamics before choosing how to lead their teams effectively. Organizational behavior courses emphasize contingency theories to prepare leaders for diverse workplaces. Educational administrators adapt their leadership styles depending on whether schools face crisis or stability. Option A refers to trait theory, which assumes leaders possess universal qualities regardless of context. Option B names autocratic leadership, which is a specific style rather than a contextual contingency model. Option D is incorrect because contingency theory explicitly explains context-dependent leadership.
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