Which substance in the human body is responsible for managing sugar metabolism?
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Answer: B. Insulin
Explanation
Insulin is a vital peptide hormone produced by beta cells within the pancreatic Islets of Langerhans. It facilitates the cellular uptake of glucose from the bloodstream, regulating overall carbohydrate metabolism. Without adequate insulin signaling, blood sugar levels rise dangerously, disrupting normal metabolic homeostasis. Metabolism encompasses all chemical reactions occurring within living organisms to maintain life and energy. The pancreas coordinates blood sugar regulation by balancing the antagonistic effects of insulin and glucagon. Discovered in nineteen-twenty-one, insulin revolutionized the medical treatment of diabetes mellitus patients.
Patients with type one diabetes require daily insulin injections because their pancreas cannot produce the hormone. Physicians measure fasting blood glucose and HbA1c levels to evaluate long-term metabolic control in patients. Dietary choices and physical exercise directly influence insulin sensitivity and blood sugar management in humans. The thyroid gland secretes metabolic hormones like thyroxine, but it does not directly manage blood sugar. Glucose is the primary sugar molecule metabolized by cells, not the hormone that manages the process. Stating that none of these are correct is false because insulin is the correct answer.
- Subject
- Everyday Science
- Category
- Everyday Science
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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