Which gas is utilized during the industrial hydrogenation process to manufacture Vanaspati Ghee?
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Answer: A. Hydrogen
Explanation
Hydrogen gas adds hydrogen atoms across double bonds in vegetable oils. This catalytic reaction transforms liquid oils into semi-solid fats. Hydrogenation is the specific chemical process used to manufacture vanaspati ghee. Catalytic hydrogenation requires metal catalysts like nickel under high pressure. Unsaturated fatty acids react with hydrogen to increase their saturation levels. Industrial food processing uses this method to increase shelf life stability.
Commercial bakeries utilize hydrogenated fats for texture and preservation purposes. Food scientists study hydrogenation impacts on human cardiovascular health profiles. Manufacturing cooking fats requires precise control over chemical reaction temperatures. Oxygen promotes rancidity rather than solidifying liquid vegetable oils. Nitrogen is an inert gas used for packaging rather than hydrogenation. Carbon dioxide creates carbonation and does not hydrogenate vegetable oils.
- Subject
- Everyday Science
- Category
- Everyday Science
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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