The phenomenon where middle-class populations capture the primary advantages of social programs intended for the poor is termed____________?
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Answer: B. Mathew effect
Explanation
The Matthew effect describes middle-class populations capturing welfare program advantages. Those who already possess resources are better positioned to benefit from public aid. Intended anti-poverty programs frequently get subverted by more articulate middle classes. Robert Merton coined the Matthew effect based on the biblical sociological principle. The concept highlights cumulative advantage where the rich get richer in systems. Social welfare policies often suffer from elite capture due to political lobbying.
Higher education subsidies often benefit middle-class families more than impoverished students. Sociologists study this effect to design better targeted poverty reduction policies. Understanding program leakage helps governments reform entitlement administration. Class factor is too vague to describe this specific sociological accumulation phenomenon. Cultural cause attributes poverty to values rather than structural resource capture. Selecting none of these is wrong because Mathew effect correctly identifies the term.
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