Haley assumes Keith's silence implies anger, so she stops talking, while Keith assumes her quietness means she is upset and wants space. This scenario exemplifies:
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Answer: C. mirror- image perceptions
Explanation
Mirror-image perceptions involve mutual misunderstandings where conflicting parties hold identical distorted views. Haley and Keith both view themselves as innocent victims while seeing the other as hostile. This reciprocal misattribution of negative intent is a textbook example of mirror-image perceptions. Urie Bronfenbrenner and other social psychologists identified mirror-image perceptions in international conflicts. Parties in dispute often attribute identical negative traits to their opponents while praising themselves. These distorted cognitive biases frequently escalate interpersonal and international hostilities.
Couples counseling often addresses mirror-image perceptions to improve communication and conflict resolution. Diplomats must overcome these reciprocal biases to achieve successful peace negotiations. Recognizing perceptual distortions helps individuals break cycles of misunderstanding in personal relationships. Superordinate goals are shared objectives that require cooperative efforts from conflicting groups to achieve. Scapegoating involves unfairly blaming an innocent out-group for societal problems or frustrations. The reciprocity norm dictates that people should repay positive actions with similar positive behaviors.
- Subject
- Psychology
- Category
- Psychology
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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