A condition defined by sparse coarse hair, yellowish scaly skin, and intellectual disability is known as_______:
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Answer: D. Cretinism
Explanation
Cretinism stems from congenital hypothyroidism resulting in distinct physical signs. Sparse coarse hair and yellowish scaly skin characterize untreated cretinism. Thyroid hormone deficiency during infancy also causes severe intellectual disability. Congenital hypothyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland fails to develop properly. Neonatal screening programs routinely test thyroid hormone levels in newborns. Early hormone replacement therapy prevents the severe effects of cretinism.
Universal newborn screening has nearly eliminated cretinism in developed nations. Pediatric endocrinologists manage hormone replacement for affected infants. Untreated children experience permanent stunted growth and cognitive deficits. Gigantism results from excess growth hormone production during childhood development. Dwarfism involves genetic or hormonal conditions leading to short stature. Graves disease causes hyperthyroidism characterized by weight loss and anxiety.
- Subject
- Psychology
- Category
- Psychology
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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