The 1987 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF) bans ground-launched nuclear and conventional cruise and ballistic missiles having ranges between 500 and 5,500 kilometers (300 and 3,400 miles); it achieved ratification and entered into force in:
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Answer: C. 1988
Explanation
The 1987 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty officially entered into force following ratification in 1988. Ratification instruments were exchanged between the United States and the Soviet Union in 1988. The landmark arms control agreement became fully operational law during the year 1988. The INF Treaty eliminated ground-launched ballistic and cruise missiles with medium ranges. President Ronald Reagan and General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev negotiated this historic disarmament treaty. Bilateral treaties require formal legislative ratification before taking legal effect internationally.
Arms control agreements significantly reduced Cold War military tensions between global superpowers. Diplomatic milestones in nuclear reduction set precedents for future international security treaties. Historians analyze the INF Treaty as a turning point in late twentieth-century diplomacy. The year 1989 marked the fall of the Berlin Wall rather than the INF Treaty entry date. The year 1990 saw German reunification negotiations rather than the ratification of this treaty. The year 1991 witnessed the formal dissolution of the Soviet Union rather than treaty entry.
- Subject
- Political Science
- Category
- International Relations
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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