In what year was the world's first self-contained artificial heart successfully implanted in Robert Tools?
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Answer: B. 2001
Explanation
The groundbreaking AbioCor artificial heart was successfully implanted in patient Robert Tools during July 2001. This medical milestone represented the very first time a completely self contained artificial heart was used. Surgeons at Jewish Hospital in Louisville performed the pioneering operation to treat severe heart failure. Artificial heart research spanned several decades before miniaturization allowed for a fully internal mechanical device. Robert Tools survived for several months following the historic surgery before passing away from complications. The AbioCor device aimed to provide a bridge to transplant or extend life for terminal patients.
Medical innovations in cardiovascular devices offer new hope for patients suffering from end stage heart failure. Successful clinical trials pave the way for future generations of implantable mechanical circulatory support systems. Ethical considerations regarding experimental medical procedures remain a central topic in modern biomedical research. The year 2000 featured important preparatory medical research but lacked this specific human clinical milestone. The year 1992 saw earlier generations of mechanical circulatory devices, but not the self contained AbioCor. The year 2006 occurred well after the initial clinical trials of the AbioCor artificial heart system.
- Subject
- Political Science
- Category
- International Relations
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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