Which prominent Muslim philosopher and educator introduced the concept of “Asabiya” (social solidarity/cohesion)_________________________?
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Answer: C. Ibn-e-Khaldun
Explanation
Ibn-e-Khaldun introduced the sociological concept of 'Asabiya' to explain social cohesion and group solidarity. This term describes the bond of social cohesion among groups in tribal and modern societies. He used Asabiya to explain how dynasties rise, achieve political dominance, and eventually decline. Asabiya translates roughly to social solidarity, group feeling, or tribal cohesiveness in sociological studies. Ibn-e-Khaldun observed that shared ancestry, mutual affection, and common goals strengthen community bonds. His pioneering work in the Muqaddimah established him as an early founder of sociology and historiography.
Sociologists apply the concept of social solidarity to understand group behavior in modern organizations. Community leaders foster social cohesion to build resilient institutions and promote civic participation. Studying historical sociology helps explain why certain civilizations maintain unity during crises. Socrates focused on ethics and epistemology in ancient Athens rather than sociological group dynamics. Al-Ghazali concentrated on spiritual psychology, religious sciences, and Islamic theology instead. Sir Syed Ahmad Khan worked on political loyalty and modern education for Indian Muslims centuries later.
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