Which Muslim philosopher emphasized the importance of tradition in education, asserting its necessity for scientific progress_________________________?
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Answer: C. Ibn-e-Khaldun
Explanation
Ibn-e-Khaldun emphasized the importance of historical tradition and accumulated heritage in educational and scientific progress. He argued that human knowledge builds cumulatively across generations through systematic teaching traditions. Passing down cultural heritage ensures that new societies do not have to reinvent basic survival and scientific concepts. Ibn-e-Khaldun was a pioneering fourteenth-century historian and philosopher who authored the Muqaddimah. His educational theories stressed that crafts and sciences are habits acquired through continuous instruction. He believed that the strength of a civilization depends on how effectively it preserves and transmits knowledge.
Educational sociology examines how cultural traditions shape classroom instruction and student learning outcomes. Preserving historical texts allows modern students to appreciate the long pedigree of scientific discoveries. Leaders often look to classical sociological thinkers to design effective educational policy reforms. Norman E. Gronlund is a modern educational psychologist known for work on instructional objectives and testing. Al-Ghazali focused primarily on moral ethics, spiritual purification, and the critique of pure philosophy. Socrates was an ancient Greek philosopher who emphasized dialectic questioning rather than historical traditions.
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