What was the primary focus of the research conducted by Elton Mayo___________?
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Answer: D. Human Relation
Explanation
Elton Mayo conducted the famous Hawthorne studies which laid the foundation for Human Relations theory. His research proved that social interactions and psychological factors heavily impact worker productivity. Mayo shifted management focus from mechanical efficiency toward employee well-being and group dynamics. The experiments took place at Western Electric Company Hawthorne Works near Chicago over several years. Researchers observed how lighting changes and rest periods affected worker output in various test rooms. The unexpected findings showed that social recognition and peer attention mattered more than physical conditions.
Management textbooks cite Elton Mayo as a pioneer of organizational behavior and human resource management. Companies today use employee surveys and focus groups inspired by his research to measure workplace morale. Understanding Mayo's work helps modern leaders build supportive environments that foster collaboration. X Theory assumes workers are inherently lazy and need strict supervision rather than relational focus. Y Theory assumes employees seek self-direction but was formally conceptualized by Douglas McGregor later. Scientific Theory was pioneered by Frederick Taylor with a strict focus on time studies and efficiency.
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Answer: B. punishment
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Answer: C. co worker
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Answer: C. Y thoery
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