What served as the instructional medium for secondary education in Subcontinental Islamic schools________________________?
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Answer: D. Persian
Explanation
Persian was widely utilized as the medium of instruction for secondary education in traditional Subcontinental schools. During the Muslim rule in India, Persian served as the prestigious language of the royal court and administration. Students advanced to Persian texts after mastering basic Arabic literacy and Quranic recitation. Persian literature, poetry, and epistolary arts formed the core curriculum of secondary madrasas. Proficiency in Persian opened doors to lucrative government employment and bureaucratic careers. Renowned poets and scholars composed their works in Persian to reach a sophisticated readership across Asia.
Language policies in education historically reflect the political and administrative preferences of ruling elites. Secondary education bridges primary literacy with professional or higher scholarly specialization. Historians examine Persian manuscripts to understand the administrative culture of medieval South Asian courts. Arabic was reserved primarily for higher theological studies, Quranic exegesis, and advanced jurisprudence. Urdu emerged later as a popular vernacular language and was not the primary classical instructional medium. English became the dominant instructional medium much later following British colonial administrative reforms.
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