During clinical assessment, a 60 years old female presented with a right buccal mucosa tumor measuring approximately 2 cm in diameter, with no regional lymph node involvement or distant metastasis. The TNM classification for this tumor is____________?
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Answer: A. T1 No Mo
Explanation
A tumor measuring 2 cm without regional lymph node involvement or distant metastasis is classified as T1, N0, M0. The T1 category designates primary tumors measuring two centimeters or less in greatest dimension. Absence of lymph node spread and distant metastasis corresponds to N0 and M0 respectively. TNM staging evaluates primary tumor size (T), regional lymph node status (N), and distant metastasis (M). Staging criteria provide standardized metrics for oncologists to plan surgical and radiation therapy protocols. Clinical evaluation of neck lymph nodes and imaging studies confirm the absence of regional and systemic spread.
T1 N1 M0 indicates regional lymph node involvement, which contradicts the stated absence of node disease. T1 N2 M0 represents multiple or large involved regional lymph nodes, failing to match the clinical scenario. T2 N0 M0 applies to primary tumors measuring greater than 2 cm up to 4 cm in greatest dimension.
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