Bradykinin produces all of the following physiological effects except____________?
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Answer: D. Opsonisation
Explanation
Bradykinin is a potent inflammatory mediator that induces vasodilation and pain. It stimulates smooth muscle contraction in various visceral organ systems. However, it does not function as an opsonin to coat foreign particles. Bradykinin is generated through the proteolytic cleavage of plasma kininogen proteins. It plays a major role in the clinical manifestations of acute inflammation. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors increase bradykinin levels, causing a dry cough.
Excess bradykinin production contributes to localized swelling and pain sensations. Blocking inflammatory mediators helps control symptoms in allergic and inflammatory conditions. Vascular permeability increases locally, allowing plasma proteins to enter tissues. Smooth muscle contraction is a well-documented physiological effect of bradykinin. Dilatation of blood vessels occurs rapidly following local bradykinin release. Pain is produced when bradykinin stimulates sensory nerve endings in tissue.
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