Basal ganglia lesions manifest with the following signs except_______________?
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Answer: A. Hypotonia
Explanation
Basal ganglia lesions typically result in rigidity and hypertonia rather than hypotonia. Hypotonia is more characteristic of cerebellar damage rather than injury to the basal ganglia. The basal ganglia help regulate muscle tone by promoting inhibitory motor pathways throughout the brain. The basal ganglia are a group of subcortical nuclei that coordinate voluntary motor movements. Damage to these structures frequently produces movement disorders such as tremors or chorea. Normal motor control depends on a delicate balance between excitatory and inhibitory neural pathways.
Patients with Parkinson disease often display resting tremors and lead-pipe rigidity due to basal ganglia dysfunction. Neurological examinations carefully evaluate muscle tone to differentiate central nervous system lesion locations. Understanding these pathways helps clinicians diagnose complex movement disorders affecting millions of elderly patients. Tremors are classic hyperkinetic movement manifestations frequently seen in Parkinson disease and other basal ganglia disorders. Hemiballismus involves violent flinging movements typically caused by damage to the contralateral subthalamic nucleus. Athetosis consists of slow writhing movements that commonly result from striatal pathology within the basal ganglia.
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