Which article bars High Courts from reviewing actions taken by Armed Forces pursuant to Article 245?
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Answer: A. Article 199
Explanation
Article one hundred ninety-nine bars High Courts from reviewing actions taken by armed forces. Constitutional provisions restrict judicial review over military actions executed under specific defense articles. High Courts lack jurisdiction to issue writs against operations conducted by the armed forces. Article one hundred ninety-nine defines the writ jurisdiction of the provincial High Courts. Article two-hundred forty-five empowers the federal government to call out armed forces in aid of civil power. Constitutional immunity shields military actions from civilian judicial interference during emergency duties.
This constitutional barrier maintains the separation of powers between civilian judiciary and military branches. During martial law or civil unrest, military personnel operate under specific protective legal umbrellas. Litigants cannot challenge direct military deployment decisions through standard High Court writ petitions. Article two hundred forty-four relates to the oath of the armed forces rather than jurisdiction. Article two hundred forty-six defines tribal areas and federal administrative jurisdictions instead. Article two hundred forty-three concerns the command of the armed forces by the president.
- Subject
- Law
- Category
- Judiciary and Law
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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