What fluid property accounts for the resistance to relative motion between adjacent fluid layers_________________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: C. viscosity
Explanation
Viscosity directly quantifies the magnitude of internal friction forces inside moving fluids. Higher internal fluid friction means greater resistance to relative motion between adjacent layers. This fundamental property dictates how easily a fluid can deform under shear stress. Dynamic viscosity has standard SI units of pascal-seconds or kilogram per meter second. Sir Isaac Newton defined viscous behavior through his famous law of fluid friction. Fluids like honey possess high viscosity while water exhibits extremely low internal resistance.
Engineers must account for fluid viscosity when designing efficient pipe networks and pumps. Lubricating oils are graded by viscosity to ensure adequate film strength under heat. Aerodynamic drag and ocean currents are heavily influenced by surrounding fluid viscosity properties. Surface tension describes the elastic tendency of liquid surfaces to minimize surface area. Osmosis refers strictly to solvent movement across a semipermeable membrane down concentration gradients. Cohesion represents intermolecular attraction between like molecules rather than shear resistance forces.
- Subject
- Engineering
- Category
- Mechanical Engineering
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
Related questions
Q1. At what specific pressure condition does the latent heat of vaporization of water drop to zero_________________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: E. 225.6 kg/cm2
At the critical pressure of 225.6 kg/cm2 (approximately 22.1 MPa), the latent heat of vaporization of water drops to zero. At this unique thermodynamic endpoint, the properties of liquid water and steam merge into a sing...
Q2. What specification requirement must the pour point of diesel fuel meet_________________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: A. lower than the coldest atmospheric temperature at which oil is to be pumped
The pour point of diesel fuel indicates the lowest temperature at which it flows freely. This temperature must remain lower than the coldest ambient operating environment expected. If ambient temperature drops below the...
Q3. What is the usual carbon percentage range in grey cast iron castings __________________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: C. 2.5 to 4.5%
Grey cast iron typically contains carbon in the range of 2.5 percent to 4.5 percent. Most of this carbon is present as graphite flakes embedded within the metallic matrix. This high carbon composition gives grey cast iro...
Q4. What key compositional parameters are provided by a proximate analysis of solid fuel__________________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: D. fuel constituents as percents by weight of moisture, volatile, fixed carbon and ash
A proximate analysis determines the percentages by weight of moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and ash in a solid fuel. This standardized laboratory procedure measures key constituent fractions that dictate how co...
Q5. What is pre-ignition caused by hot combustion chamber surfaces prior to spark discharge called________________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: B. preignition
Preignition occurs when hot spots inside the combustion chamber ignite the fuel prematurely. This ignition happens before the spark plug fires during the compression stroke. It creates opposing pressure forces that can s...
Q6. How does the pressure of steam exiting a reheater compare to its inlet pressure _________________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: B. less
Steam experiences a pressure drop as it flows through a reheater due to frictional resistance. Fluid friction against the internal walls of the tubing inherently consumes a portion of total pressure. Energy losses across...