The efflux velocity of a water jet discharging from an orifice in a tank is proportional to_________________?
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Answer: C. V/T
Explanation
Torricelli law establishes that fluid velocity flowing from an orifice depends on the square root of the height. Symbolic mathematical representations frequently denote this square root relationship using fractional powers or square root notation. The proportionality directly connects the kinetic energy of the emerging jet to the potential energy of the fluid head. Italian physicist Evangelista Torricelli discovered that liquid efflux speed matches the velocity of a free-falling body. The theoretical formula expresses velocity as the square root of the product of two, gravitational acceleration, and head. Frictional losses at the orifice opening can slightly reduce the actual velocity compared to theoretical calculations.
Squaring the head parameter would incorrectly suggest an exponential increase in velocity that defies conservation of energy. Ratio notations involving volume and time describe volumetric flow rates rather than the instantaneous velocity of a liquid jet. Cubic relationships do not match the fundamental velocity equations derived from Bernoulli theorem for incompressible fluids.
- Subject
- Engineering
- Category
- Mechanical Engineering
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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