A three-stage crude distillation plant maintains a pressure of roughly ______________ kg/cm2 in its high-pressure primary tower?
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Answer: B. 3
Explanation
Multi-stage crude distillation systems operate at moderate pressures like 3 kg/cm2 in their primary towers. Maintaining controlled tower pressure optimizes the separation of volatile light ends from heavier fractions. Primary distillation columns balance thermal input and pressure to achieve clean boiling cuts. Crude distillation is the foundational separation process in petroleum refineries worldwide. Desalted crude is heated in a furnace before entering the fractional distillation column. Different hydrocarbon boiling ranges separate at various vertical trays inside the distillation tower.
Refineries process thousands of barrels of crude daily using these fractional distillation towers. Precise pressure control ensures that overhead gases and liquid products meet strict specifications. Energy integration across multiple distillation stages significantly reduces overall refinery fuel consumption. A pressure of 1.5 kg/cm2 is usually too low to maintain proper condenser reflux operations. A pressure of 6 kg/cm2 is higher than typical atmospheric primary distillation tower designs. Twelve kilograms per square centimeter represents high-pressure hydroprocessing rather than primary towers.
- Subject
- Engineering
- Category
- Chemical Engineering
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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