A perfect gas at 27°C undergoes constant pressure heating until its volume doubles, resulting in a final temperature of________________?
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Answer: B. 327°C
Explanation
Charles law states that volume is directly proportional to absolute temperature during constant pressure processes. Converting the initial temperature of 27 degrees Celsius to Kelvin gives a starting value of 300 Kelvin. Doubling the volume requires doubling the absolute temperature to 600 Kelvin, which equals 327 Celsius. Charles law was discovered by Jacques Charles and later expanded upon by Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac. Absolute temperature scales must always be used when performing calculations involving ideal gas law equations. The conversion from Kelvin to Celsius requires subtracting 273.15 from the absolute temperature value.
Hot air balloons operate on this principle, where heating the enclosed air causes it to expand. Piston cylinder assemblies experience volume changes when subjected to constant pressure heating in engines. Meteorologists apply these thermodynamic principles to understand atmospheric expansion and weather pattern changes. Option A incorrectly adds the Celsius values directly without converting the temperatures into absolute Kelvin units. Option C assumes a linear relationship using Celsius directly, yielding an incorrect final temperature estimate. Option D results from a mathematical error during the conversion between absolute and relative temperature scales.
- Subject
- Engineering
- Category
- Mechanical Engineering
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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