Which early Black sociologist campaigned for a racially egalitarian society and challenged peers who accepted the status quo?
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Answer: D. W,E,B, Du Bois
Explanation
W.E.B. Du Bois dedicated his academic career to fighting racial injustice and segregation in America. He challenged Booker T. Washington's accommodationist stance by demanding immediate civil rights and equality. His empirical sociological research documented the devastating social impacts of systemic racial discrimination. W.E.B. Du Bois was a pioneering Black sociologist, historian, and co-founder of the NAACP. The Philadelphia Negro is a landmark empirical study proving racial disparities stemmed from social structures. Early American sociology often ignored racial oppression, making Du Bois's activist scholarship revolutionary.
Civil rights activists continue to draw inspiration from Du Bois's uncompromising pursuit of racial justice. Modern sociology acknowledges Du Bois as a foundational thinker who integrated empirical research with activism. Challenging institutionalized racism remains a central focus of contemporary sociological inquiry. Option A identifies Harriet Martineau, a British feminist sociologist who analyzed early American culture. Option B identifies Herbert Spencer, who coined social Darwinism to oppose social welfare programs. Option C identifies Booker T. Washington, who advocated industrial education over immediate political agitation.
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