During which era did horticulture and agriculture emerge______________?
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Answer: A. Fertile crescent Region of Middle East
Explanation
Archaeological evidence confirms the Fertile Crescent in the Middle East birthed early agriculture. Domestication of wild cereal grains and animals began in this specific geographic region first. Favorable environmental conditions allowed ancient human populations to transition from foraging to farming. The Fertile Crescent spans parts of modern-day Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, and Turkey. The Neolithic Revolution marked this fundamental shift in human history roughly ten millennia ago. Agriculture enabled permanent human settlements, leading directly to the development of complex civilizations.
Agricultural history helps historians understand the origins of human social stratification and government. Food production innovations continue shaping global demographics and economic development patterns today. Studying early farming origins sheds light on human interactions with local natural ecosystems. East Asia developed independent agriculture later, focusing on crops like rice and millet. Central and South America domesticated crops like maize and potatoes in subsequent historical periods. Southeast Asia developed agriculture independently, but the Middle East is the earliest recognized region.
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