To extinguish a dog’s salivary response to a bell tone, Pavlov would subject the animal to ______ training.
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Answer: A. Extinction
Explanation
Extinction training involves repeatedly presenting the conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus. The conditioned response gradually weakens and eventually disappears through this repeated exposure process. Ivan Pavlov used this exact method to eliminate conditioned salivation in dogs. Classical conditioning forms associations between neutral stimuli and biologically potent unconditioned stimuli. Extinction does not erase the original learning but suppresses the conditioned response. Experimental psychology utilizes extinction to study how learned behaviors change over time.
Behavioral therapists use extinction principles to help patients overcome severe phobias. Understanding extinction helps explain why bad habits can fade without reinforcement. Animals in the wild unlearn outdated foraging behaviors when rewards stop appearing. Generalization involves responding to stimuli that resemble the original conditioned stimulus. Spontaneous recovery is the reappearance of an extinguished response after a resting period. Discrimination is the ability to differentiate between similar conditioned and unconditioned stimuli.
- Subject
- Psychology
- Category
- Psychology
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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