The ______________ prepares the body for action by releasing epinephrine during high-stress events?
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Answer: D. adrenal medulla
Explanation
The adrenal medulla releases epinephrine to prepare the body for high-stress events. Acute stress activates the sympathetic nervous system stimulating this specific gland directly. Epinephrine surges increase heart rate and energy availability during dangerous situations. The adrenal glands sit atop the kidneys and have two distinct functional parts. The inner portion is the medulla which functions directly as part of the nervous system. Epinephrine is synthesized from amino acids within chromaffin cells of the medulla.
This hormonal surge helps humans react quickly when facing sudden physical threats. Public speaking or extreme sports can trigger this exact evolutionary survival mechanism. Dysregulation of this system can contribute to chronic anxiety and panic disorders. The adrenal cortex secretes different hormones such as cortisol and aldosterone instead. The pituitary gland regulates other endocrine glands rather than producing emergency adrenaline. The pancreas primarily manages blood glucose levels through insulin and glucagon secretion.
- Subject
- Psychology
- Category
- Psychology
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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