The insulating lipid sheath wrapping select neuronal axons is designated as a/an _____________?
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Answer: B. myelin sheath
Explanation
The myelin sheath is composed of specialized glial cells wrapped tightly around select neuronal axons. This lipid-rich insulating layer prevents electrical current leakage during the propagation of neural impulses. Myelination significantly increases the conduction velocity of action potentials traveling down the axon pathway. Schwann cells form myelin in the peripheral nervous system, while oligodendrocytes myelinate central nervous system axons. Gaps between myelin segments are known as nodes of Ranvier, facilitating rapid saltatory neural impulse conduction. Demyelinating diseases like multiple sclerosis disrupt normal neural communication and impair motor control functions.
Neurological disorders involving myelin degradation highlight the critical importance of proper axonal insulation. Developing nervous systems require adequate dietary lipids and proper cellular signaling to complete normal myelination processes. Medical researchers study myelin repair mechanisms to find potential treatments for chronic degenerative nerve conditions. Dendrites are branching cellular extensions designed to receive incoming electrochemical signals from neighboring neurons. A ganglion is a collection of neuronal cell bodies located outside the central nervous system structures. Axon terminals are the distal swellings at the end of axons responsible for releasing chemical neurotransmitters.
- Subject
- Psychology
- Category
- Psychology
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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