The biological mechanism ensuring that every mature ovum or sperm retains just one chromosome per homologous pair is called ______________?
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Answer: C. reduction division
Explanation
Reduction division is the fundamental process producing haploid reproductive germ cells. Meiosis halves the chromosome count to ensure genetic stability across generations. Each mature ovum or sperm retains exactly one chromosome per homologous pair. Meiosis involves two distinct nuclear divisions following a single DNA replication phase. Crossing over during prophase I creates extensive genetic diversity among offspring. Errors during reduction division can result in chromosomal disorders like Down syndrome.
Reproductive biology relies on meiosis to maintain species-specific chromosome numbers constantly. Genetic counseling utilizes knowledge of reduction division to assess hereditary risks. Understanding cellular division explains how traits pass from parents to children. Fertilization combines two haploid gametes to restore the diploid zygote chromosome number. Immunization stimulates the adaptive immune system using weakened or inactivated pathogens. Zygotic division refers to mitotic cell proliferation following successful fertilization events.
- Subject
- Psychology
- Category
- Psychology
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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