Resting membrane potentials across nerve cells stem from disparate concentrations of:
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: D. concentrations of ions on either side of the nerve cell membrane
Explanation
Resting membrane potentials stem from differing ion concentrations across the membrane. Sodium and potassium ions create an electrochemical gradient in resting neurons. Active transport pumps maintain these vital concentration differences continuously. The resting membrane potential of a typical neuron is approximately seventy millivolts. Sodium potassium pumps move three sodium ions out for every two potassium ions in. Selective permeability of ion channels keeps the interior negatively charged.
This electrical gradient is essential for propagating nerve impulses along axons. Local anesthetics block sodium channels to prevent resting potential disruption and pain signals. Disruptions in ion balance can trigger seizures and cardiac arrhythmias. DNA and RNA amounts do not directly determine electrical resting potentials. Neurotransmitters mediate synaptic transmission rather than establishing baseline resting potentials. Neuron types describe cellular morphology rather than the ionic basis of resting potentials.
- Subject
- Psychology
- Category
- Psychology
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
Related questions
Q1. Modifications driven by learning represent:
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: C. Enable an individual to perform his role
Learning produces enduring modifications in behavior that allow individuals to adapt successfully to their environments. Acquiring new skills and knowledge equips people to fulfill social, occupational, and personal life...
Q2. Gestalt therapy centers fundamentally upon_____________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: A. Awareness
Gestalt therapy places its primary therapeutic focus on increasing immediate self-awareness. Clients are encouraged to experience the present moment rather than dwelling on the past. Awareness of bodily sensations and fe...
Q3. Test anxiety is primarily countered through:
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: A. over-preparation
Thorough preparation and mastery of material are primary strategies for reducing test anxiety. Studying effectively builds self efficacy and minimizes fear of the unknown. Students who over prepare feel more confident wh...
Q4. The cerebral cortex is divided into two halves or:
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: D. hemispheres
The cerebral cortex is structurally split down the middle into two symmetrical halves known as hemispheres. These left and right hemispheres communicate with one another rapidly via the intervening corpus callosum tract....
Q5. Egocentrism peaks in children during which developmental stage defined by Piaget?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: A. preoperational
Egocentrism peaks during the preoperational stage of cognitive development in children. Preoperational children struggle to perceive situations from other people's distinct viewpoints. This cognitive limitation reflects...
Q6. Students demanding heightened pedagogical focus are those who:
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: D. All of the above
Students requiring heightened pedagogical focus often face multiple intersecting life challenges. Difficult home environments, emotional distress, and academic pressures compound student difficulties. Comprehensive educa...