During their second year, toddlers start taking personal responsibility for feeding, dressing, and bathing to foster what Erikson terms a sense of:
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Answer: D. autonomy
Explanation
Toddlers take personal responsibility for tasks like feeding and dressing to gain independence. Erikson terms this developmental stage autonomy versus shame and doubt. Successful completion of self-care tasks fosters a lasting sense of personal autonomy. Erik Erikson's second psychosocial stage occurs roughly during the second year of life. Toddlers experience a growing desire to do things independently without adult help. Overly restrictive parenting during this time can induce feelings of shame and doubt.
Early childhood educators encourage toddler independence through accessible classroom tasks. Parenting guidance often focuses on allowing safe exploration to build child self-esteem. Successful autonomy lays the groundwork for later initiative and competence in school. Superiority is an Adlerian psychological concept, not an Eriksonian toddler stage. Industry is the psychosocial stage associated with school-age children learning new skills. Generativity is the adult stage focused on contributing to future generations.
- Subject
- Psychology
- Category
- Psychology
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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