Behavior therapists assist clients in breaking undesirable habits like smoking or overeating through _____________________?
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Answer: A. operant conditioning
Explanation
Behavior therapists use operant conditioning principles, such as reinforcement and punishment contingencies, to modify undesirable habits. By systematically rewarding positive behaviors and removing rewards for bad habits, therapists help clients reshape their routines. Conditioning techniques provide structured methods for breaking ingrained behavioral patterns like smoking or overeating effectively. B. F. Skinner formulated the principles of operant conditioning, showing how consequences shape voluntary animal and human behavior. Behavior modification programs apply reinforcement schedules to encourage durable lifestyle changes in clinical settings. Token economies in institutional environments use operant principles successfully to reinforce adaptive behaviors among residents.
Observational learning involves acquiring new behaviors by watching and imitating the actions of other people in social settings. Place learning refers to cognitive navigation where animals learn the spatial layout of an environment rather than simple motor habits. Habituation is a simple form of non-associative learning where an organism decreases its response to a repeated harmless stimulus.
- Subject
- Psychology
- Category
- Psychology
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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