An object's rest mass doubles when it travels at a velocity of __________?
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Answer: B. 2.6×10⁶ m/s
Explanation
Relativistic mass increase follows the specific equation incorporating the Lorentz factor for high velocity motion. Doubling the rest mass requires a velocity that produces a Lorentz factor equal to two. Substituting this factor into the relativistic formula yields a high velocity of approximately 2.6 multiplied by 10 to the 6 meters per second. Special relativity states that an object's measured mass increases as its speed approaches the speed of light. The speed of light in a vacuum is a fundamental physical constant denoted by the letter c. Classical Newtonian mechanics assumes mass remains constant regardless of the velocity of the moving object.
Option A provides a much lower velocity that is insufficient to cause a noticeable relativistic mass doubling. Option C represents an extremely slow speed where classical mechanics applies and relativistic corrections are negligible. Option D describes everyday speeds where mass dilation effects are completely undetectable by standard instruments.
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