Who asserted that education must be free, non-sectarian, and publicly financed_______________________?
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Answer: B. Horace Mann
Explanation
Horace Mann argued that public schools must not charge tuition to ensure universal attendance. He insisted schools remain non-sectarian to welcome children from diverse religious backgrounds. Public financing through taxation was necessary to sustain free schools for every community. Nineteenth-century America had fragmented schooling options that excluded impoverished families. Mann campaigned for the common school as the great equalizer of American society. Publicly funded education was a radical concept that faced resistance from wealthy taxpayers.
Modern public education systems rely on government tax revenues to provide universal schooling. Non-sectarian public schools protect religious freedom in pluralistic democratic societies. Free public access to education is universally recognized as a fundamental human right. Helen Parkhurst created secondary school laboratory plans rather than financing public systems. John Russell was a British political figure unrelated to American public school finance. John Dewey focused on democratic classroom philosophy rather than founding the common school.
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