Pre-service and in-service teacher training initiatives were initiated under National Education Policy ______________?
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Answer: C. 1998
Explanation
Pre-service and in-service teacher training initiatives were introduced under the National Education Policy of 1998. Preparing new educators before entering classrooms and updating experienced teachers improved overall instruction. The 1998 policy recognized that comprehensive teacher preparation is vital for raising academic standards. Pre-service training equips beginner teachers with foundational classroom management and pedagogy. In-service programs ensure veteran teachers stay updated with modern curriculum and teaching technologies. Continuous professional development is a cornerstone of effective national education reform strategies.
Well structured training programs directly translate into enhanced student comprehension and performance. Investing in educators builds a resilient and adaptable national schooling workforce. Modern educational policies consistently prioritize continuous professional support for teaching staff. The 1947 conference focused on establishing basic language and structural frameworks rather than training systems. The 1992 policy emphasized higher education expansion rather than these specific teacher training initiatives. The 1972 policy concentrated on nationalization and universal access rather than these training reforms.
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