Which pathological lesion is most frequently encountered in the mandible?
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Answer: A. Adamantinoma
Explanation
Adamantinoma or ameloblastoma is an odontogenic tumor most frequently encountered in the mandible. The posterior body and ramus of the mandible represent the primary anatomical sites. Odontogenic epithelial remnants in the jawbone give rise to this locally aggressive tumor. Ameloblastomas develop from epithelial remnants of the dental lamina and enamel organ. Histologically, the tumor features islands of odontogenic epithelium resembling stellate reticulum. Although histologically benign, these lesions exhibit locally invasive growth patterns.
Maxillofacial surgeons perform wide surgical resection to prevent recurrence of large ameloblastomas. Early radiographic detection appears as a multilocular radiolucent lesion within bone. Patients require long-term post-operative follow-up because the tumor can recur locally. Osteogenic sarcoma is a primary malignant bone tumor with a different cellular origin. Squamous cell carcinoma arises from surface mucosal epithelium rather than odontogenic tissue. Osteoclastoma or giant cell tumor occurs less frequently in the mandible than ameloblastomas.
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