Which of the following functions as a chemotactic cytokine (chemokine)_________________?
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Answer: C. IL-8
Explanation
Interleukin-8 functions as a potent chemotactic cytokine directing immune cell migration. It specifically attracts and activates neutrophils to sites of acute inflammation. This directional signaling helps localize white blood cells to areas of tissue injury. Chemokines are small signaling proteins that stimulate directed cell movement in tissues. Neutrophils represent the primary cellular defense responding early to bacterial infections. Inflammatory cytokines coordinate the complex multi-stage immune response to injury.
Elevated chemokine levels contribute to tissue damage in chronic inflammatory diseases. Understanding cytokine pathways helps researchers develop targeted anti-inflammatory biologic therapies. Neutrophil recruitment is essential for clearing acute bacterial pathogens from wounds. Interleukin-1 primarily mediates systemic fever and acute-phase inflammatory responses. Interleukin-6 stimulates B-cell maturation and acute-phase protein synthesis in the liver. Tumor necrosis factor promotes systemic inflammation and endothelial cell activation.
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