Which decontamination methods or agents are effective against bacterial spores? _______________?
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Answer: E. Both A & C
Explanation
Glutaraldehyde and formaldehyde are potent chemical sterilants capable of destroying bacterial spores. These high-level disinfectants cross-link proteins and nucleic acids to achieve microbial destruction. Adequate contact time with these agents ensures the elimination of resilient endospores. Bacterial spores possess thick protein coats and dehydrated cores making them extremely durable. Glutaraldehyde is commonly used for cold sterilization of heat-sensitive medical scopes and equipment. Formaldehyde solutions act as effective fumigants and fixatives with broad sporicidal activity.
Hospitals rely on chemical sterilants for instruments that cannot withstand high-temperature autoclaving. Strict safety protocols protect healthcare workers from toxic aldehyde vapor exposures during processing. Improper disinfection rinse times can lead to chemical irritation or toxic tissue reactions. Betapropiolactone is a sterilizing gas but is hazardous and less common than aldehydes. Hexachlorophen is a skin antiseptic with poor activity against bacterial spores and fungi. Option E correctly combines glutaraldehyde and formaldehyde as effective sporicidal agents.
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