What condition is indicated by a 50-year-old patient presenting with a history of jaw expansion and maxillary enlargement_____________?
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Answer: A. paget’s disease
Explanation
Paget disease of bone is a chronic skeletal disorder characterized by abnormal bone remodeling processes. Older adults frequently experience progressive enlargement and deformity of the maxilla and skull bones. Generalized jaw expansion and spacing of teeth are classic clinical and radiographic manifestations. The disease involves excessive bone resorption followed by disorganized, structurally weak bone formation by osteoblasts. Radiographs often reveal a characteristic cotton-wool appearance of affected skull and facial bones. Complications can include bone pain, pathological fractures, cranial nerve entrapment, and high-output heart failure.
Dental practitioners often detect early signs of Paget disease during routine panoramic radiograph evaluations. Patients experiencing progressive denture ill-fitting due to jaw expansion require referral for medical workup. Bisphosphonates and calcitonin are frequently used by physicians to manage bone turnover and alleviate symptoms. Acromegaly causes enlargement of the hands, feet, and mandible due to excess growth hormone secretion. Fibrous dysplasia replaces normal bone with benign fibro-osseous connective tissue, usually presenting in younger patients. Hyperparathyroidism causes increased parathyroid hormone levels leading to bone demineralization and brown tumor formation.
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