The clinical features of Vincent’s angina include all of the following EXCEPT_______________?
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Answer: D. Caused by leptospira interrogans
Explanation
Vincent's angina is caused by symbiotic spirochetes and fusiform bacilli, not by Leptospira interrogans. Infection involves oral anaerobes acting synergistically to produce painful ulcerative gingivostomatitis. Option D is the correct exception because Leptospira interrogans causes leptospirosis instead. Vincent's angina is an acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis affecting the oral mucosal tissues. Poor oral hygiene, stress, and malnutrition can predispose individuals to this painful bacterial infection. Dark-field microscopy or Gram staining reveals spirochetes and fusiform bacilli in clinical smears.
Dental professionals diagnose and treat Vincent's angina using professional debridement and antimicrobial rinses. Nutritional support and improved oral hygiene are vital for preventing recurrence of this gingival infection. Distinguishing oral spirochetes from other spirochetal diseases ensures patients receive correct antibiotic therapy. Ulcerative gingivostomatitis represents a primary clinical feature characteristic of Vincent's angina. Malnutrition serves as a well-documented predisposing systemic factor contributing to this oral infection. A symbiotic infection involving multiple oral anaerobic bacteria characterizes the pathology of this condition.
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