Regarding an infant born to an HIV-positive mother, all statements are true except________________?
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Answer: C. 50% chances to have AIDS
Explanation
Infants born to HIV-positive mothers do not automatically have a fifty percent chance of developing AIDS. Antiretroviral prophylaxis during pregnancy significantly reduces vertical transmission rates below historical estimates. Option C is correct because the fifty percent figure is inaccurate with modern medical interventions. Vertical transmission refers to the passage of pathogens from an infected mother to her child. Antiretroviral therapy, elective cesarean delivery, and formula feeding lower infant infection risks drastically. Maternal antibodies cross the placenta, causing uninfected infants to test positive serologically initially.
Pediatric HIV clinics monitor exposed infants closely using virological diagnostic testing protocols. Public health initiatives promote universal prenatal screening to protect newborns from congenital infections. Early medical intervention ensures that exposed children receive appropriate prophylactic care immediately after birth. Failure to thrive can indeed occur in infants affected by congenital viral infections. Infants born to infected mothers may experience various opportunistic infections during early life. Option D is incorrect because statement C provides an inaccurate statistical risk estimate.
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