Which construction material would a chemical engineer recommend for handling wet or dry gaseous chlorine within a flow system?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: A. High silicon iron, silicon rubber, Kel-F and Teflon
Explanation
Wet or dry chlorine gas reacts aggressively with standard structural metals, causing rapid corrosion and equipment failure. Specialized materials like high silicon iron, silicon rubber, Kel-F, and Teflon resist chlorine attack. Chemical engineers select these specific resistant materials to maintain safe containment within industrial chlorine systems. Chlorine gas is a powerful oxidizing agent that becomes extremely corrosive when combined with trace moisture. High silicon iron contains over fourteen percent silicon, creating a protective surface film against acid and chlorine attack. Fluoropolymers like Teflon and Kel-F offer exceptional inertness when exposed to reactive halogen gases.
Chlor-alkali production plants require specialized piping and valve assemblies to handle wet gaseous chlorine safely. Water treatment disinfection systems utilize fluoropolymer-lined piping to prevent catastrophic chlorine leaks. Chemical processing facilities transporting dry chlorine gas rely on high-purity metal and polymer specifications. Mild steel and stainless steel suffer from rapid corrosive attack and pitting when exposed to gaseous chlorine. Cast iron, tin, and aluminium are rapidly corroded by wet or dry chlorine gas environments. Copper, nickel, and Monel can suffer severe corrosion when exposed to wet chlorine gas flow systems.
- Subject
- Engineering
- Category
- Chemical Engineering
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
Related questions
Q1. Wood's metal is not utilized for the production of___________________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: C. Storage tank for storing brine and caustic soda
Wood metal is a low-melting bismuth alloy unsuited for structural storage tanks containing corrosive liquids. Corrosive chemicals like brine and caustic soda would rapidly dissolve or degrade low-melting filler metals. S...
Q2. Handling _____________ solutions is appropriately done using wrought iron equipment?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: C. Alkalis & alkaline
Wrought iron features a pure iron matrix with protective silicate slag fibers that resist alkaline attack. Caustic chemical environments do not rapidly corrode wrought iron, making it safe for alkaline service. Industria...
Q3. Zinc exhibits high ______________ at ambient temperatures?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: B. Resistant to atmospheric corrosion
Zinc forms a protective basic carbonate film when exposed to ambient atmospheric air and moisture. This adherent surface passivation layer prevents further oxidation and deep metal degradation. The protective film gives...
Q4. The upper allowable limit for residual chlorine in treated water is ____________ mg/litre?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: B. 0.2 to 0.3
Public health drinking water standards specify a safe residual chlorine concentration between zero point two and zero point three. This specific concentration range ensures adequate disinfection against pathogens without...
Q5. Maxwell’s relation associated with the identity dH = dS = Vdp + Σμi dni is expressed as_____________________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: D. (∂T/∂P)S, ni = (∂V/∂S)P, ni
Maxwell relations are thermodynamic identities derived from exact differential property equations using mathematical theorems. Applying the chain rule for exact differentials yields the specific partial derivative equali...
Q6. Peak heat transfer rates are anticipated in the case of_________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: C. Turbulent flow
Turbulent flow promotes rapid fluid mixing and eliminates laminar boundary layers that impede thermal transport. Enhanced eddy currents within turbulent streams drastically increase convective heat transfer coefficients...