What phenomenon describes the loss of compressive strength coupled with an increase in tensile strength due to prior overload________________?
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Answer: D. Boeschinger effect
Explanation
Prior plastic deformation in one loading direction alters the internal dislocation structure of the metal. This plastic strain reduces the yield strength when the loading direction is subsequently reversed. Known as the Bauschinger effect, this phenomenon couples reduced compressive yield strength with increased tensile limits. Dislocation pile-ups against grain boundaries are responsible for directional hardening and the Bauschinger effect. Cyclic loading in engineering structures frequently induces Bauschinger behavior in metallic components. Yield strength anisotropy develops as a direct consequence of prior unidirectional plastic strain.
Metal forming processes like sheet metal stamping must account for directional yield strength changes. Fatigue analysis of cyclic machinery components requires understanding Bauschinger stress-strain behavior. Structural engineers consider this effect when designing earthquake-resistant steel frames subjected to load reversals. Option A refers to energy dissipation loops in cyclic loading rather than directional yield strength changes. Option B describes time-dependent plastic deformation under constant stress at elevated temperatures. Option C involves materials exhibiting combined fluid-like and solid-like viscoelastic deformation properties.
- Subject
- Engineering
- Category
- Mechanical Engineering
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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