The molecular speed of an actual gas scales with (where T = absolute temperature of the gas)?
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Answer: A. √T
Explanation
Kinetic theory derives molecular speed formulas directly from absolute temperature parameters. Root mean square molecular speed is proportional to the square root of absolute temperature. Higher absolute thermal energy increases average molecular speeds within gas phase systems. Molecular speed distributions in gases follow Maxwell Boltzmann statistical mechanics principles. Absolute temperature measures the average translational kinetic energy of gas molecules. Square root scaling arises directly when solving kinetic energy equations for velocity.
Gas diffusion and effusion rates depend directly on molecular speed calculations in chemical engineering. Atmospheric escape velocity studies incorporate molecular speed distributions to model planetary exospheres. Combustion kinetics rely on molecular collision speeds to determine overall chemical reaction rates. Option B suggests a direct linear proportionality to temperature, violating kinetic square root laws. Option C proposes a squared temperature dependency, which overestimates molecular speed scaling. Option D implies speed decreases with temperature, contradicting basic thermodynamic kinetic theory.
- Subject
- Engineering
- Category
- Chemical Engineering
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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