The feedstock required for manufacturing __________________ consists of acetylene and hydrochloric acid?
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Answer: B. Vinyl chloride
Explanation
Vinyl chloride monomer is industrially manufactured through the catalytic hydrochlorination of acetylene gas. Hydrogen chloride reacts directly across the acetylene triple bond to form vinyl chloride under controlled conditions. This chemical reaction provides the primary building block for producing widespread polyvinyl chloride plastics. Acetylene-based hydrochlorination utilizes mercuric chloride catalysts supported on activated carbon beds. Vinyl chloride is a colorless, flammable gas that polymerizes readily into durable synthetic plastic resins. Modern petrochemical plants also produce vinyl chloride via ethylene chlorination and subsequent thermal cracking.
Polyvinyl chloride is one of the most widely produced synthetic plastic polymers used in construction and piping. Plasticized and unplasticized PVC applications range from window frames to medical intravenous tubing. Industrial chemical producers carefully monitor reactor temperatures to ensure safe and efficient monomer synthesis. Phthalic anhydride is manufactured by the catalytic oxidation of ortho-xylene or naphthalene feedstock. Maleic anhydride is produced through the vapor-phase oxidation of benzene or normal butane hydrocarbons. Dacron is a polyester synthesized from dimethyl terephthalate and ethylene glycol via condensation reactions.
- Subject
- Engineering
- Category
- Chemical Engineering
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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