The equilibrium constant decreases as the temperature___________________?
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Answer: A. Increases, for an exothermic reaction
Explanation
According to Le Chatelier's principle, increasing temperature favors endothermic reaction directions. For exothermic reactions, higher temperatures shift equilibrium to decrease the equilibrium constant. The van 't Hoff equation mathematically describes this temperature dependence of equilibrium constants. Exothermic chemical reactions release heat into their surrounding environment during conversion. Equilibrium constants quantify the ratio of product concentrations to reactant concentrations. Temperature is the only environmental factor that alters the numerical value of equilibrium constants.
Ammonia synthesis via the Haber process balances temperature to optimize yield and kinetics. Industrial chemical reactors carefully control operating temperatures to maximize desired product formation. Environmental chemistry models rely on temperature-dependent equilibrium constants for pollutant tracking. Decreasing temperature for exothermic reactions actually increases the numerical equilibrium constant. Increasing temperature for endothermic reactions raises rather than lowers the equilibrium constant. Declining all options contradicts established chemical thermodynamic equilibrium principles.
- Subject
- Engineering
- Category
- Chemical Engineering
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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