The circumferential force in a cylinder wall sets up a stress perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, commonly referred to as___________________?
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Answer: B. hoop stress
Explanation
Circumferential stress set up in a cylinder wall perpendicular to the axis is called hoop stress. Internal fluid pressure pushes outward in all radial directions, creating this tensile hoop stress. Hoop stress represents the primary stress component acting on cylindrical pressure vessel walls. Pressure vessels like boilers and pipes experience multi-axial stresses during normal operation. Circumferential tension tends to split the cylinder open along its longitudinal seam. Calculating hoop stress is essential for determining safe operating pressures in engineering.
Mechanical engineers design piping networks to withstand maximum allowable hoop stress limits. Failure of industrial storage tanks often originates from excessive hoop stress cracking. Pipeline safety regulations require regular inspections to monitor circumferential wall stress levels. Longitudinal stress acts parallel to the pipe axis rather than perpendicular to it. Yield stress is a material property limit rather than a specific directional stress component. Ultimate stress represents the maximum stress a material can withstand before breaking.
- Subject
- Engineering
- Category
- Mechanical Engineering
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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