The adiabatic throttling operation of an ideal gas proceeds at constant enthalpy_________________?
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Answer: C. Which can be performed in a pipe with a constriction
Explanation
Adiabatic throttling is an isenthalpic process where the enthalpy of the fluid remains constant across a restriction. Passing a fluid through a constricted valve or porous plug induces a pressure drop without external work transfer. This constriction setup allows high pressure fluids to expand steadily while maintaining constant total enthalpy values. Throttling processes are irreversible expansions governed by the first law of thermodynamics for open flow systems. Kinetic and potential energy changes across the restriction are typically negligible compared to enthalpy values. Real gases undergoing throttling often experience temperature drops known as the Joule Thomson cooling effect.
Option A describes the Joule Thomson effect correctly for many gases, but fails to identify the physical apparatus setup. Option B is incorrect because throttling is classified as a steady flow process rather than non-steady flow expansion. Option D is wrong since temperature can drop, rise, or remain constant depending on the inversion temperature of the gas.
- Subject
- Engineering
- Category
- Chemical Engineering
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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