Poisson’s ratio is the ratio of unit lateral strain to unit axial elongation within elastic limits; for structural and pressure vessel steel, it is taken as ____________________?
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Answer: B. 0.3
Explanation
Poisson's ratio for standard structural and pressure vessel steels within the elastic deformation range is approximately 0.3. Option B provides this exact numerical value which is universally applied in mechanical design calculations for steel. The ratio remains constant for isotropic elastic materials, reflecting the fundamental volumetric behavior under axial tension. Poisson's ratio is defined fundamentally as the negative ratio of transverse strain to axial strain in a stretched material. Most engineering metals exhibit Poisson's ratio values ranging between 0.25 and 0.35 under normal operating conditions. This mechanical property is essential for solving complex multi-axial stress equations derived from Hooke's law.
Options A, C, and D represent unrealistic values for structural steel that violate fundamental elasticity limits for metals. A value of 0.01 implies almost no lateral contraction, while 0.75 exceeds the theoretical thermodynamic limit for isotropic solids. Standard engineering handbooks confirm that structural steels consistently hover around the 0.3 mark within elastic limits.
- Subject
- Engineering
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- Chemical Engineering
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- medium
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