Liquid water has a fugacity of approximately 3171 Pa at 298 K. Assuming an ideal heat of vaporization of 43723 J/g·mol, what would be its fugacity at 300 K________________?
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Answer: B. 3567Pa
Explanation
The Clausius-Clapeyron equation relates temperature changes to vapor pressure and fugacity shifts. Using the given heat of vaporization yields a calculated fugacity of approximately thirty-five hundred sixty-seven pascals. Thermodynamic integration across the temperature change determines the new liquid fugacity value. Fugacity represents an effective vapor pressure used in place of pressure for non-ideal systems. Heat of vaporization measures the enthalpy change required to transform liquid into vapor. Temperature variations significantly alter the chemical potential and fugacity of liquid solutions.
Chemical plant design engineers use fugacity calculations to model vapor liquid phase equilibria. Distillation column simulations require accurate thermodynamic properties at varying operating temperatures. Phase separation equipment relies on fugacity equality criteria to determine component distributions. Option A ignores the temperature increase and incorrectly assumes the fugacity remains unchanged. Option C represents standard atmospheric pressure rather than the calculated liquid fugacity. Option D overestimates the resulting fugacity value by ignoring proper logarithmic scaling.
- Subject
- Engineering
- Category
- Chemical Engineering
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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