____________ is employed to measure the static pressure exerted against a pipeline wall by a fluid flowing parallel to it?
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Answer: C. Pitot tube
Explanation
A Pitot tube points directly into fluid streams to measure stagnation pressure and static wall pressure. Subtracting static pressure from stagnation pressure yields the dynamic pressure used to calculate fluid velocity. Fluid flowing parallel to pipeline walls exerts static pressure measured accurately via flush wall taps. Fluid dynamics instruments utilize pressure differentials to determine internal pipeline flow velocities. Bernoulli equation principles relate fluid velocity directly to measured static and stagnation pressure heads. Pitot tubes are widely used in aerodynamics and industrial pipe flow measurements due to their simple design.
Process engineers insert Pitot tubes into large ducts and pipes to profile fluid velocity distributions. Accurate flow velocity measurements are essential for calculating volumetric flow rates in industrial processes. Maintaining clean pressure taps prevents clogging and ensures reliable long-term flow monitoring performance. Venturimeters calculate flow rates by measuring pressure drops across a constricted internal pipe section. Pressure gauges measure total system pressure but cannot isolate local static wall pressure profiles alone. Orificemeters utilize a thin perforated plate to create localized pressure drops for flow rate determinations.
- Subject
- Engineering
- Category
- Chemical Engineering
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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