Industrial alkylation processes make use of__________________?
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Answer: A. Sulphuric acid
Explanation
Industrial alkylation units commonly use concentrated sulfuric acid as a liquid catalyst. Sulfuric acid promotes the reaction between light olefins and isoparaffins efficiently. Acid catalysts facilitate carbocation formation required during the alkylation process steps. Alkylation combines low-molecular-weight alkenes with isobutane to produce high-octane gasoline. Liquid acid catalysts like sulfuric acid or hydrofluoric acid are standard in these plants. Process reactors require careful temperature control and acid circulation to maintain conversion.
Refineries depend on alkylation units to produce clean-burning, high-octane blending components. Strict safety and environmental protocols govern the handling of concentrated industrial acid catalysts. Spent acid is regenerated or neutralized safely within dedicated refinery waste treatment facilities. Nickel is a solid metal catalyst used primarily for hydrogenation rather than alkylation. Silica gel functions as a drying agent or chromatographic stationary phase instead of a catalyst. Alumina serves as a catalyst support rather than the primary liquid alkylation catalyst.
- Subject
- Engineering
- Category
- Chemical Engineering
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
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