How is Poisson’s ratio expressed as a ratio of strains_________________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: C. lateral stress and longitudinal stress
Explanation
Poisson ratio is expressed as the negative ratio of lateral strain to longitudinal strain. In isotropic elastic materials, it can also be evaluated using lateral and longitudinal stresses. This fundamental property describes how a material expands sideways when compressed axially. Siméon Denis Poisson formulated this ratio to characterize transverse deformation in stretched solids. Most engineering metals exhibit Poisson ratio values ranging between 0.25 and 0.35. Volume constancy during plastic deformation corresponds to a Poisson ratio of exactly 0.5.
Civil and mechanical engineers use Poisson ratio in multi-axial stress equations for pressure vessels. Designing rubber seals and elastomeric mounts requires accurate transverse strain calculations. Finite element stress analysis software requires accurate Poisson ratio inputs for reliable simulation. Longitudinal stress and strain define Young modulus of elasticity rather than Poisson ratio. Longitudinal stress and lateral stress ratios do not yield the standard dimensionless strain parameter. Lateral stress and lateral strain relationships describe material stiffness in a single transverse axis.
- Subject
- Engineering
- Category
- Mechanical Engineering
- Topic
- —
- Difficulty
- medium
Related questions
Q1. In structural boiler riveting, what reference basis is used for shear, bearing, and tensile stress calculations_________________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: B. size of the drilled or reamed hole
In boiler riveting calculations, stresses are based on the diameter of the drilled or reamed hole rather than the nominal rivet size. During manufacturing, rivets expand to fill the hole completely, making the finished h...
Q2. How is the modulus of rigidity mathematically defined as a ratio_________________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: D. shear stress and shear strain
Modulus of rigidity, also known as shear modulus, is formally defined as the ratio of shear stress to corresponding shear strain. This fundamental elastic constant measures a material resistance to shape change under pla...
Q3. What operational reality applies to actual mechanical systems_____________________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: C. mechanical advantage is less than velocity ratio
Mechanical advantage in actual systems is always less than velocity ratio due to friction. Energy losses from mechanical friction convert useful work into unrecoverable heat energy. Efficiency of real machines remains be...
Q4. Besides shear forces, a machine key experiences side pressures known as_________________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: A. bearing stresses
In addition to shear forces, machine keys experience crushing side pressures known as bearing stresses. As a shaft transmits torque, the key presses against the keyways of both the shaft and the rotating hub. This contac...
Q5. What material category are standard rivets manufactured from_________________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: D. ductile
Ductile materials possess high plastic deformation capacity without fracturing, making them ideal for forming strong, permanent rivet heads. Installing a rivet requires hammering or pressing the tail end to expand it com...
Q6. What is the fastener pattern called if adjacent rivet rows are staggered and the outer edge row contains only a single rivet__________________?
Show answer Hide answer
Answer: C. diamond riveting
Diamond riveting features staggered adjacent rows with outer edge rows containing single rivets. This fastener pattern tapers outward symmetrically, resembling the geometric shape of a diamond. Tapered riveting patterns...